Plural
By default plural of masculine and feminine nouns is made by adding suffix:
-y -ы
dar, дар (gift) → dary, дары (gifts)
košt, кошт (cost) → košty, кошты (costs)
dom, дом (home) → domy, домы (homes)
žena, жена (woman/wife) → ženy, жены (women/wives)
ryba, рыба (fish) → tri ryby, три рыбы (three fish)
rog, рог (horn), rogy → рогы (horns*)
mravka, мравка (ant) → mravky, мравкы (ants*)
*Plural nouns ending with "k" or "g" also end with -y. Ending such nouns the "Polish way" (with -i) is incorrect, this "softening" occurs only in Polish language.
Neuter
Neuter nouns plural is made by adding suffix:
-a
auto, ауто (car) → auta, аута (cars)
miesto, мьесто (city) → miesta, мьеста (cities)
koleno, колено (knee) → kolena, колена (knees)
jezero, језеро (lake) → jezera, језера (lakes)
kraľevstvo, кральевство (kingdom) → kraľevstva, кральевства (kingdoms)
Men-Personal Plural
Men-Personal gender is a feature of Slavic languages and applies only to masculine nouns like son, king, husband which are men-like (they have female counterparts: daugher, queen, wife) sometimes considered as separate masculine gender. Do not confuse it with animacy which applies to wider range of masculine nouns. See the resolution table for men-personal plural. Use of men-personal plural is optional, this is classic language feature that vanishes in Slavic languages. Men-Personal plural suffix is:
-ovi -ови
Examples:
sons → synovi, сынови
kings → kraľovi, кральови
husbands → mužovi, мужови
Irregular
Some nouns have irregular plural form:
children → dieti (děti) дьети
parents → rodiče родиче
ears → uši уши
eyes → oči очи
eyebrows → brvi брви
hundreds → sotni сотни
lungs → pľuca (pljuca) пльуца
studies → studia студя
things → veči вечи
brothers → bratia братя
men → muži, мужи, mužčiny, мужчины
Vowel reduction
Nouns that end with -c reduce last vowel(s) in the suffix:
buyer kupec купец, buyers kupcy купцы, seller prodavac продавац, sellers prodavcy продавцы, boy chlapec хлапец, boys chlapcy хлапцы, dweller mieškaniec мьешканьец, dwellers mieškancy мьешканцы, fiance zaročenec зароченец, fiances zaročency зароченцы, singer pevač певач, singers pevčy певчы, foreigner cudzinec цудзинец, foreigners cudzincy цудзинцы, hunter lovec ловец, hunters lovcy ловцы, madman šilenec шиленец, madmen šilency шиленцы.
This also applies to nationals:
European (person) Evropejec Европејец, Europeans (people) Evropejcy Европејцы,
German (person) Niemec Ньемец, Germans (people) Niemcy Ньемцы,
Brazilian (person) Brazilec Бразилец, Brazilians (people) Brazilcy Бразилцы,
Naslednja strana Adjective