G (IPA g) English get, give, go, Polish góra, Russian герой
Fricative H (IPA ɣ) Belarussian галава [ɣalava]
Voiced H (IPA ɦ) Belarussian: гара [ɦaˈra], Czech hora [ˈɦɔra], hlava [ˈɦlava], Ukrainian багато [bä'ɦätɔ]
Silent H (IPA x), Polish chata ['xata], Cyrillic x
Ukrainian alphabet resembles different G/H sounds by using letters Г (ɦ), Ґ (g) and Х (x). Because ɣ and ɦ are quite similar so for example belarussian Г resembles (ɣ). To solve this problem extended cyrillic letter Ҕ, ҕ for (ɣ) can be used. If you need precise sound mapping the following convention can be applied:
Latin | Cyrillic | IPA |
Ĝ ĝ | Ґ ґ | mandatory /g/ |
G g | Г г | /ɦ/ or /ɣ/ or /g/ depending on region: Polish, Russian /g/ Belarussian /ɣ/ Ukrainian /ɦ/ |
H h | Ҕ, ҕ | /ɦ/ or /ɣ/ or /x/ depending on letter order in word |
Ĥ ĥ | Х х | mostly silent /x/ Ch ch in Latin transliteration |
Circumflex is again used to code cyrillic letters Ĝ ĝ and Ĥ ĥ similarily to Я я (Â â), Ю ю (Û û), Щ щ (Ŝ ŝ) which is already used in ISO 9 standard. Also extended cyrillic letter Ҕ, ҕ is used to indicate voicing possibility of H (sound gh). This letter of the Cyrillic script is used in the Abkhaz and Yakut languages to represent the voiced velar fricative /ɣ/ (invented in 1844 by Andreas Johan Sjögren for the Ossetian language).